11/21/2023 0 Comments Microcosm biology![]() ![]() Biogas is used to generate electricity that is used in the pond. It is re-wetted before the process of anaerobic digestion in order to yield biogas and flue gas. After extraction of oil from the alga biomass, the residual biomass is recycled back in the pond. The plant must have a large capacity that is approximately 4000 metric tons per day for favorable economies of scale. ![]() A hexane extraction plant will be set up to extract oils from the dry algae biomass. Drying of the biomass will be done using solar heat. The formed algae slurry will be thickened via gravity sedimentation. The biomass will be harvested via flocculation followed by the process of sedimentation. These ponds are low cost and have a low parasitic energy demand (Lundquist, et al 3). The special ponds are open paddle wheel mixed ponds. The alga strains will be cultivated in a pond using a starter culture of superior genetically modified alga strains. Genetic modification can be incorporated to produce recombinant high oil yielding Spirulina alga strains. The process of generating biofuels using algae is viable. Routine monitoring should entail the collection of soil samples to test nitroaromatic contaminants using high-power liquid chromatography (HPLC). ![]() After the bioremediation process, follow-up tests should be conducted on the soil to check for the presence of nitroaromatic compounds. The fermentable sugar that will be supplemented will be molasses and it will provide energy for the Clostridium spp to degrade the nitrate contaminants. The Clostridium spp will fully degrade the toxic intermediates. However other by-products such as nitroso and hydroxylamine intermediates will be formed.Īfter aerobic degradation, anaerobic degradation will follow using Clostridium spp. Further aerobic respiration will result in the reduction of nitrate to ammonium. These bacteria will utilize TNT as a nitrogen source by removing it in nitrite form from TNT under aerobic conditions. The rate of the bioremediation process will be increased via biostimulation and this entails the incorporation of nutrient media to boost process efficiency and activity of monooxygenase enzyme. The microbial cultures for aerobic respiration will comprise Pseudomonas spp. The nitroaromatic compounds will be degraded at a field scale by employing in situ bioremediation strategies. Protection material should be issued to personnel as TNT is toxic and carcinogenic. ![]() This is to ensure that personnel is protected from the random detonation of explosives especially cluster bombs. A perimeter fence should be erected on the burial ground, and before the process of bioremediation commences, a mines expert should conduct a risk assessment of the area. In addition, this would also prevent accidental release of TNT to water sources. For the determination of the pre-adult instars an ITS-RFLP analysis, following by DNA fragment comparison is available at these websites ( ).Completion of the bioremediation process would prevent the unrestricted removal of the explosives and weapons. Modern, interactive visual keys are available and can give lot´s of necessary informations for the biology of pest thrips species. Fast and accurate identification of the harming pathogenes is important for effective steps of integrated pest management strategies. Furthermore, a few thrips species, like Frankliniella occidentalis, can reach high insecticide resistances by detoxification of the target substances of actually used insecticides. Besides the direct feeding damage a few thrips species are the only known vectors of tospoviruses (Bunyaviridae), which can extremely increase the pest potential. The mouthparts are predestined by common tube systems of the cibarium and salivarium for feeding as well as of salivary gland secretions via salivarium pump and the laciniae. The left mandible ending blindly and has the function of a pickaxe to destroy the tissue surface for dippig the functional unified stylets into the wound. All organs become successively under deconstruction, reorganization and new construction. The ontogenetic stages (larval and pupal instars) already resemble strongly on adults, although the interesting metamorphosis is described as holometamorph. Most species have fringed wings, all show asymmetric piercing-and sucking mouthparts and all have a tiny and slim shape. The coloration is very monotonous of bright, pale yellow to brown till black colors. The corporate design can be shown at many features, what leads to a very similar look and ends often in a difficult identication. Thrips – tiny little insects with incredible biologyĪlmost 6200 insect species belong to the order Thysanoptera (Thrips, thunder flies). ![]()
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